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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:normal;border:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;
mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in">The aim of this work is to measure in field experiment the distribution
of potential toxic elements PTE's Cu, Ni and Zn in sewaged soil after
application of chemical remediation technique represented by probentonite,
bioremediation technique as thiobacillus thiooxidant, Mycorrhyzal (AM) conidia,
and mixture of this treatments (PBC) applied before the plantation of Canola
(Brassica Napus, L.), Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.) and Black
nightshade (Solanum nigrum L) as a hyper accumulated plants. The obtained
results showed that phytoremediation technique applied individually increased
the readily available form after remediation arranged as canola&gt; black
nightshade&gt; Indian mustard, meanwhile the application of Probentonite with
phyto-accumulation plants increased the residual form in soil system. In the
case of bioremediation materials applied, data showed decreasing in both
readily and hardly available forms with margin increasing in moderately
available forms. The final conclusion of this work documented as the
application of PCB technique could be the best management practices in
minimizing Zn equivalent to the save level. Different mechanisms of the
remediation materials actions were discussed.<o:p></o:p>

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Potential Toxic Elements Distribution Based on Interplay between Pollutants and Biochemical Remediative Amendments

686589

English

Distribution

PTE's

remediation techniques

sewaged soils

5ebc58347e102.png

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:normal;border:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;
mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in">Environmental pollution becomes
an important paradigm in our society to reservation of the environment.
Worldwide, concerns have been voiced about numerous soil and water
contaminants. The concern comes from the fact that the magnification of very
small amounts of these pollutants have resulted in adverse effects on bio-systems.
The increasing use of heavy metal-contaminated sewage sludge as agricultural
fertilizer, these elements may pass into the soil solution where plant uptake
or leaching to groundwater can contaminate the food chain. Several cleanup
methods have been investigated, which can be divided into two groups: those
that remove contaminants and those that transform pollutants into harmless
forms (immobilization) by fixation, oxidation, etc. These cleanup technologies
can be applied on- or off-site, utilizing three kinds of remediation
treatments: biological, physical, and chemical techniques. It is most
convenient to divide them into three major categories: first, electro kinetic methods, second chemical
methods such as solidification, precipitation, or ion exchange, and third, biological methods, which use
plants or microorganism to remove heavy metals. In the past few years,
innovative approaches such as passive treatment technologies
for soil and groundwater contaminations have been developed. The following
state of art introduces the various remediation technologies applied in
contaminated soil systems with comments about the best of these technologies
should be applied under Egyptian conditions to minimize their injures.<o:p></o:p>

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Modern Technologies in Remediation of Heavy Metals in Soils

686585

Remediation

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:normal;border:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;
mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in">In this work, the effect of equal or different temperature variations
investigated for varying cross-sectioned plain element by employing matrix
displacement methods. Necessary basic stiffness coefficients for stiffness
matrices of frame elements and fixed end moments were obtained analytically and
by using Romberg integration methods. Thus, use of table and charts is not
needed. At the end of this work an example of varying cross-sectioned frame
under equal and different temperature variation was solved by using a program
which was prepared in BASIC language.<o:p></o:p>

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An Analysis of The Effect of Different and Equal Temperature Variation on Variable Cross-Sectioned Beams

686580

non-prismatic

hunched

equal temperature

different temperature

stiffness

bars

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:normal;border:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;
mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in">The root cause of the most important issues facing humanity today could
be traced back to environmental mismanagement or inequality. Thus, the aim of
this paper is to examine the dynamic relationship between economic growth and
air pollution in Canada using cointegration tests, vector error correction
models and causality tests on annual data from 1960 to 2014. The cointegration tests reveal that there is a
long-run relationship between economic growth, trade and air pollution in
Canada. The results also show that in the long-run, economic growth and trade
respectively have a positive and a negative impact on air pollution. The vector
error correction models reveal that the coefficient associated with the error
correction term is negative and significant. This means that, any shock
disturbing the long-run equilibrium between economic growth, trade and air
pollution will be corrected at a speed of 10 percent per year. As for the
causality analyses, they show that economic growth does not cause air pollution
in Canada.<o:p></o:p>

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Economic Growth and Air Pollution Dynamics: The Case of Canada

686590

Air Pollution

CO2 Emissions

Economic Growth

Sustainable Growth

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:normal;border:none;mso-border-top-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;
mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in">Air pollution levels shows the
interaction between the particles like dust, gas, smoke, water vapor, odor and
many chemicals that presence in the amount of damage to living organisms and
damage the materials. Various types of air pollutants in the atmosphere forms
naturally or by human source activities the appearance of the air depends on
the state of pollution. Particulate matter is one of these pollutants which has
a significant effect on human health. It has the ability to stay in the air for
a long period or even weeks, and because of its small size and lightweight, it
can move to around very long distances. This study was carried out in the city
center of Konya considering shopping centers as a measuring points to monitor
the relationship between concentrations of PM2.5 and the change of climatic
factors for different seasons. We took different points and at different
location to measure PM pollution indoors. The highest values for summer season were
obtained at location AB (1739 mg/mᵌ), (1653 mg/mᵌ) at location B1, for
autumn&nbsp; the same values were observed at
location AB nearby (3785 mg/mᵌ) while the concentrations at location B1 did not
exceed (3302 mg/mᵌ). These two points were record the maximum values and the
reasons generally were about that the places did not contain fans or ventilation
areas in addition to the large number of visitors.<o:p></o:p>

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Measurements of Ambient Particle Material Level in Shopping Centers in Konya City

686588

Air quality

Pollution

Indoors

Measurement

PM2.5

Shopping centers

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 Theory to apply Raman spectroscopy and infra red emission spectroscopy
for pollution control has been presented. 
This theory applies wave numbers with strong intensities obtained in
outputs of these two spectroscopy methods to find energies required to
decompose materials.  It has been
suggested that this theory should be applied as a quality checking in
production of materials to control pollution over materials which need
decomposition.

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Volume 2 Issue 1

Potential Toxic Elements Distribution Based on Interplay between Pollutants and Biochemical Remediative Amendments

Modern Technologies in Remediation of Heavy Metals in Soils

An Analysis of The Effect of Different and Equal Temperature Variation on Variable Cross-Sectioned Beams

Economic Growth and Air Pollution Dynamics: The Case of Canada

Measurements of Ambient Particle Material Level in Shopping Centers in Konya City

Application of Raman Spectroscopy to Pollution Control Using Wave Numbers

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