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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:normal;border:none;padding:0cm;">Nowadays, in many regions of the world face to drought problems that directly affect the agricultural production due to water deficiency or some conditions that cause the depletion of the existing water resources. In these water deficit areas, the use of wastewater for agricultural irrigation could contribute to decrease water shortage, protect surface and groundwater resources and supports the agricultural industries. In this study, in order to assess wastewater from textile industry could be used safely to irrigate ‘Golden Delicious’ apple seedlings grafted onto an MM 106 parent, a pot experiment in glass house was conducted in a sand clay loam soil (pH=7.22) from Bolu province. Municipal water (T0) prepared as a control sample, 1/3 diluted (T1) and raw textile wastewaters (T2) were applied to investigate the effects of irrigation treatments by measuring soil and leaves chemical properties. Although the Electrical Conductivity (EC) (4 dS/m) and pH values (8.5) at the end of the experiment were lower than the critical value in all the irrigated samples, the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) values were higher than 13 in T1 and T2. The cubic model was determined to be suitable for the shoot lengths of the apple saplings irrigated with T0, T1 and T2 and R2 values could be obtained as 0.987, 0.987 and 0.992, respectively. This study clearly demonstrated that textile wastewater at appropriate dilutions could be used for irrigation in agricultural fields.<br /></p><p><b></b></p><b></b>

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The Effect of Irrigation by Textile Wastewater on the Growth of MM106 Apple Sapling and Soil

1170358

English

Irrigation

: Heavy metals

Malus domestica

Soil properties

Heavy Metals

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Three groups of some Egyptian surface soil samples (G1, GII, and GIII), located in; El-Gabal El-Asfar, Zenin, and El-Khanater were collected in this study, these groups of soils were classified under two orders i. e. Typic torrerts and Typic psamments according to the American taxonomy. The source of contamination in the first and second groups was created from applying sewage sludge and irrigation with wastewater for more than 50 years in the first group (G1), for about 10 years in the second group (GII). The third group of soils (GII), however, was affected by its location beside traffic road beside, its treatments with organic fertilization types. All groups of soils were investigated for distribution, chemical fractions of Pb, Ni, Cu and Zn and their mobility as affected by different soil properties of these groups. The obtained results indicated that neither the time of exposure to sewage sludge applied nor wastewater irrigation treatments influenced heavy metals concentration in different soil samples. In addition, the decreasing order of different heavy metals distribution generally was: Residual (Res) &gt; Fe-Mn oxide &gt; carbonate (carb) ~ organic (org.) &gt; exchangeable (exch.) &gt; water-soluble (WS). In some cases, however, the organically bound form of heavy metal was the predominant form, especially in GIII. Correlation analysis between soil properties and heavy metals distribution in different forms indicated that clay content, surface area and organic matter were the most soil properties contributing to the relative distribution of the studied pollutants in different fractions.

Factors Controlling Potential Toxic of Heavy Elements Speciation in Arid Soils

2321810

 speciation

 arid soil

 soil properties

Profiles of heavy metals in Ilupeju, Ikeja and Isolo industrial wastewaters and seasonal impacts on quality of water downstream and upstream in Lagos metropolis were determined. Wastewater samples from  industrial estate were collected at the point of discharge of effluents into the streams and at spatial interval of 50 to 200 meters upstream and downstream of the discharge point over a two- year period (2005-2007) .The effluents were analyzed for heavy metals using standard methods. At the point of wastewater discharge into water bodies, during dry and rainy seasons, only Manganese showed significant difference (p < 0.05) in the first year in Ikeja.  In dry and  rainy seasons, the level of iron fluctuated from 8.95 ± 0.18 mg/L upstream to 8.96 ± 0.88 mg/L downstream in Ikeja; 1.40 ± 0.17 mg/L to 15.94 ± 1.56 mg/L in Ilupeju and 9.10 ± 0.64 mg/L to 4.98 ± 0.76 mg/L in Isolo industrial zones. In all the industrial areas considered, all the heavy metals have high accumulation factor at one season or the other except chromium and zinc. Accumulation factor for manganese increases in order of 2.38<4.10<4.70 in Ilupeju, Ikeja, Isolo respectively and in the order of 2.21<3.91<4.04 for copper in Isolo, Ilupeju, Ikeja respectively. However, iron had highest accumulation factor of 11.38 in the rainy season for Ilupeju. The upstream and downstream levels of chromium, manganese, iron and lead were higher than permissible level with traces of cadmium. The upstream and downstream water quality was poor and not suitable for drinking and routine purposes hence control of industrial wastewater is necessary to asswage its impact on proximate river bodies.

Pollution Load of Heavy Metals in Ilupeju, Ikeja and Isolo Industrial Wastewaters and Seasonal Impacts on Quality of Water Downstream and Upstream in Lagos Metropolis

Keyword : Heavy Metals

The Effect of Irrigation by Textile Wastewater on the Growth of MM106 Apple Sapling and Soil

Factors Controlling Potential Toxic of Heavy Elements Speciation in Arid Soils

Pollution Load of Heavy Metals in Ilupeju, Ikeja and Isolo Industrial Wastewaters and Seasonal Impacts on Quality of Water Downstream and Upstream in Lagos Metropolis

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